Products related to Policy:
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Crisis and Change in European Union Foreign Policy : A Framework of Eu Foreign Policy Change
This book provides a new analytical framework that investigates the way in which the EU changes its foreign policy after crisis.Adapting existing theorising of foreign policy change to a single framework applicable to the EU context, Ikani provides a toolbox to explain the process of change and measure the policy change that follows.The framework is developed through an examination of two important EU foreign policy change episodes (post-Arab uprisings and post-Ukraine invasion), and test-driven in three recent cases of EU foreign policy change after crisis. The volume presents a novel typology of EU foreign policy change, advancing the fields of foreign policy analysis, public policy studies and International Relations.It explains both the decision-making process leading to policy change, and the variation in change outcomes following this process. -- .
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Domestic Interests, Democracy, and Foreign Policy Change
When new leaders come to office, there is often speculation about whether they will take their countries' foreign policies in different directions or stick to their predecessors' policies.We argue that when new leaders come to power who represent different societal interests and preferences than their predecessors, leaders may pursue new foreign policies.At the same time, in democracies, leadership selection processes and policymaking rules blunt leaders' incentives and opportunities for change.Democracies thus tend to pursue more consistent foreign policies than nondemocracies even when new leaders with different supporting coalitions assume office.Statistical analyses of three distinct foreign policy areas – military alliances, UNGA voting, and economic sanctions – provide support for our argument.In a fourth area – trade – we find that both democracies and nondemocracies are more likely to experience foreign policy change when a new leader with a different supporting coalition comes to power.We thus conclude that foreign policy responds to domestic political interests, and that, even as the interests supporting leaders change, democracies' foreign policies are no less stable than those of nondemocracies and often exhibit greater consistency.
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Globalization and the Transformation of Foreign Economic Policy
The onslaught of globalization has brought with it sweeping changes to the foreign economic policy of the last 50 years.As the international political economy of nations and regions continues to be drawn and redrawn, this book traces the goals and instruments of foreign economic policy during this period, providing insight into the long-run trends and developing new theoretical generalizations.The book charts the journey from the point when foreign economic policy was solely concerned with foreign trade - pursued to promote the interests of individual countries - to the current globalization of the world economy that creates a uniform market in goods, services and factors of production that embrace all countries and regions.
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A Leader-Centered Theory of Foreign Policy Change : U.S. Foreign Policy toward Cuba under Obama
Foreign policy analysis is a major part of international relations scholarship, yet many models are ill-equipped to examine the effects of individual leadership on policy.Written by a leading figure in the field, this innovative account challenges traditional views in international relations by theorising the influence of individual leaders on foreign policy change.It examines how and why leaders have shaped policy throughout history, showcasing Obama's Cuba pivot as a prime example. Using an original theoretical approach, this book will appeal to academics and practitioners in foreign policy analysis, international relations and comparative politics.
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What is the difference between process policy, structural policy, and order policy?
Process policy refers to the rules and procedures that govern how decisions are made and implemented within an organization. Structural policy, on the other hand, pertains to the framework and organization of the institution, including its hierarchy, departments, and reporting structure. Order policy focuses on the sequence and prioritization of tasks and activities within the organization, ensuring that work is carried out efficiently and effectively. Each type of policy plays a crucial role in shaping the overall functioning and success of an organization.
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What is the difference between process policy, structural policy, and regulatory policy?
Process policy refers to the rules and procedures that govern how tasks are carried out within an organization. Structural policy pertains to the overall design and organization of an institution, including its hierarchy, reporting relationships, and division of responsibilities. Regulatory policy, on the other hand, involves the establishment and enforcement of rules and standards by a governing body to ensure compliance and protect the public interest. Each type of policy serves a distinct purpose in guiding behavior and decision-making within an organization or society.
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What is the difference between process policy and order policy?
Process policy refers to the set of rules and guidelines that dictate how a task or activity should be carried out within an organization. It focuses on the steps and procedures that need to be followed to achieve a specific outcome. On the other hand, order policy refers to the rules and regulations that govern the sequence or priority in which tasks or activities should be completed. It determines the hierarchy or ranking of tasks based on their importance or urgency. In essence, process policy deals with how tasks are done, while order policy deals with when tasks are done.
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What is the difference between regional policy and cohesion policy?
Regional policy focuses on addressing economic disparities and promoting development within specific regions, while cohesion policy aims to reduce disparities and promote harmonious development across all regions within the European Union. Regional policy is more focused on specific geographic areas, while cohesion policy has a broader scope and aims to promote overall economic and social cohesion within the EU. Both policies work together to support sustainable development and reduce inequalities among regions.
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The Transformation of Consumer Law and Policy in Europe
This book analyses the transformation of consumer law and policy in Europe from 4 perspectives: first, the temporal transformation, i.e., changes that can be tracked from the turn of the millennium; secondly, the substantive dimension, i.e., changes in the scope of the rights and remedies provided by consumer law, as well as the underpinning values; thirdly, the institutional dimension, i.e., changes in the role of national courts, national Parliaments, consumer agencies, and consumer organisations; and fourth, the procedural element, i.e., the shift from individual enforcement via courts to enforcement by public regulators, consumer associations, alternative dispute resolution, and the development of collective enforcement exercised by consumer agencies and/or consumer organisations. With contributions by leading consumer law scholars from across Europe, this book is a fascinating account of how consumer law has often been shaped by national as much as European interests.
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An Introduction to Climate Change Economics and Policy
The 2nd edition of An Introduction to Climate Change Economics and Policy explains the key scientific, economic and policy issues related to climate change in a completely up-to-date introduction for anyone interested, and students at all levels in various related courses, including environmental economics, international development, geography, politics and international relations. FitzRoy and Papyrakis highlight how economists and policymakers often misunderstand the science of climate change, underestimate the growing threat to future civilization and survival and exaggerate the costs of radical measures needed to stabilize the climate.In contrast, they show how direct and indirect costs of fossil fuels – particularly the huge health costs of local pollution – actually exceed the investment needed for transition to an almost zero carbon economy in two or three decades using available technology.
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Advocacy and Policy Change Evaluation : Theory and Practice
This is the first book-length treatment of the concepts, designs, methods, and tools needed to conduct effective advocacy and policy change evaluations.By integrating insights from different disciplines, Part I provides a conceptual foundation for navigating advocacy tactics within today's turbulent policy landscape.Part II offers recommendations for developing appropriate evaluation designs and working with unique advocacy and policy change–oriented instruments.Part III turns toward opportunities and challenges in this growing field.In addition to describing actual designs and measures, the chapters includes suggestions for addressing the specific challenges of working in a policy setting, such as a long time horizon for achieving meaningful change.To illuminate and advance this area of evaluation practice, the authors draw on over 30 years of evaluation experience; collective wisdom based on a new, large-scale survey of evaluators in the field; and in-depth case studies on diverse issues—from the environment, to public health, to human rights.Ideal for evaluators, change makers, and funders, this book is the definitive guide to advocacy and policy change evaluation.
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Fragile Rights : Disability, Public Policy, and Social Change
The French version of this book was the winner of the 2022 Grand Prix de la Protection Sociale.Over the years many disability-related rights have been legally recognized, but how has this changed the everyday lives of people with disabilities?Drawing on biographical interviews collected from individuals with mobility or visual impairments in France, this book analyses the reception of disability policies in the fields of education, employment, social rights and accessibility.It examines to what extent these policies contribute to the realization of associated rights among disabled people.The book demonstrates that the rights associated with disability suffer from major implementation flaws, while shedding light on the very active role of disabled citizens in the realization of their rights.
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What is the difference between domestic policy and foreign policy?
Domestic policy refers to the decisions, laws, and actions that a government takes within its own borders to address issues such as healthcare, education, and the economy. On the other hand, foreign policy involves a government's strategies and actions in dealing with other countries, including diplomacy, trade, and military intervention. While domestic policy focuses on internal matters, foreign policy is concerned with external relations and international affairs. Both types of policy are crucial for a government to effectively govern and represent its interests at home and abroad.
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What is the difference between refugee policy and asylum policy?
Refugee policy and asylum policy both deal with the protection and support of individuals fleeing persecution or conflict, but they differ in their scope and focus. Refugee policy typically refers to the laws and regulations governing the admission, resettlement, and rights of individuals recognized as refugees by international or national authorities. Asylum policy, on the other hand, specifically pertains to the process and criteria for granting asylum to individuals who are seeking protection within a particular country's borders. While refugee policy addresses the broader framework for addressing refugee situations, asylum policy focuses on the specific procedures and rights for individuals seeking refuge within a particular country.
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What is the difference between transport policy and professional policy?
Transport policy refers to the set of rules, regulations, and strategies that govern the movement of people and goods within a specific region or country. It focuses on issues such as infrastructure development, public transportation, and environmental impact. On the other hand, professional policy refers to the guidelines and standards that govern the conduct and practices of a specific profession or industry. It focuses on issues such as ethics, qualifications, and professional development. While transport policy deals with the broader aspects of transportation systems, professional policy is specific to the standards and practices within a particular profession or industry.
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What is the difference between product policy and assortment policy?
Product policy refers to the decisions and guidelines that a company follows in developing and managing its individual products, including aspects such as design, features, branding, and pricing. Assortment policy, on the other hand, refers to the decisions and strategies related to the overall mix of products offered by a company, including the variety, depth, and breadth of the product line. While product policy focuses on the specific attributes and management of individual products, assortment policy is concerned with the overall composition and range of products offered by the company.
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